{"id":216,"date":"2021-04-15T02:48:48","date_gmt":"2021-04-15T02:48:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/?p=216"},"modified":"2025-09-29T09:01:16","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T09:01:16","slug":"xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_53 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6ad076d50bb0c\"><span class=\"\"><span style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6ad076d50bb0c\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#Huong_dan_cach_xiet_bu_long_cuong_do_cao_trong_cac_moi_noi_cua_ket_cau_thep\" title=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#I_Phan_biet_cac_loai_lien_ket_bu_long_cuong_do_cao\" title=\"I. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao\">I. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#II_Cac_phuong_phap_xiet_bu_long\" title=\"II. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng\">II. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#1_Phuong_phap_cle_luc\" title=\"1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c:\">1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#2_Phuong_phap_quay_them_e_cu\" title=\"2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu:\">2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#3_Phuong_phap_do_luc_truc_tiep\" title=\"3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp:\">3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/#III_Ket_luan\" title=\"III. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn\">III. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong_dan_cach_xiet_bu_long_cuong_do_cao_trong_cac_moi_noi_cua_ket_cau_thep\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><strong>Bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao (BLC\u0110C) ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/strong> Tuy nhi\u00ean qua theo d\u00f5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i), ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y xin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i<a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\/\"> h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft BLC\u0110C<\/a> \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-220 size-full\" title=\"cach-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao.jpg\" alt=\"cach-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" width=\"586\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao.jpg 586w, https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 586px) 100vw, 586px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"I_Phan_biet_cac_loai_lien_ket_bu_long_cuong_do_cao\"><\/span><strong>I. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft, li\u00ean k\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i: Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu c\u1eaft, li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu c\u1eaft<\/strong>, l\u1ef1c vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi th\u00e2n bu l\u00f4ng, th\u00e2n bu l\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e9p th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7 b\u1ecb \u00e9p. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, d\u1ec5 thi c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c kho\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1ee3t do l\u1ed7 to h\u01a1n th\u00e2n bu l\u00f4ng. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hay d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>Bu l\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t l\u1eafm ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n xi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00edt ch\u1eb7t (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khe h\u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e9p). V\u1eady n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng BLC\u0110C trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n xi\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh bu l\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng 1 cl\u00ea chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t:<\/strong> C\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c th\u00e2n bu l\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e9p, kh\u00f4ng cho tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p tr\u01b0\u1ee3t nh\u01b0: c\u1ea7u, d\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Bu l\u00f4ng trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng l\u1edbn quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 BLC\u0110C. Vi\u1ec7c xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u00e0n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n II.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Bu l\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o:<\/strong> Trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u bu l\u00f4ng, bu l\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a khung nh\u00e0). Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TCVN kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc (M\u1ef9, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u00dac\u2026) \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u bu l\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u1ef1c n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u00edch kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch ra.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i 2 v\u00e0 3, BLC\u0110C ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t sai s\u1ed1 cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"II_Cac_phuong_phap_xiet_bu_long\"><\/span><strong>II. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong bu l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ho\u1eb7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (specification). Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 bu l\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi b\u1ecb v\u1eb7n xo\u1eafn, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 70% c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ee9t. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau tu\u1ef3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n<em><strong>B\u1ea3ng 1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n M\u1ef9 AISC (Vi\u1ec7n th\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng M\u1ef9 \u2013 American Institute Of Steel Construction) cho bu l\u00f4ng A325 &amp; A490.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 1:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-217 size-full\" title=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-1.jpg\" alt=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" width=\"614\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-1.jpg 614w, https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-1-300x125.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-218 size-full\" title=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-2.jpg\" alt=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" width=\"624\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-2.jpg 624w, https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-2-300x84.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 3:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-219 size-full\" title=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-3.jpg\" alt=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" width=\"624\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-3.jpg 624w, https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-3-300x138.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 2<\/strong>\u00a0cho l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc danh ngh\u0129a theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ee9c DIN 18800 &#8211; 7: 2001-12 cho bu l\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n 8.8 v\u00e0 10.9 (kN).<br \/>\n\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Phuong_phap_cle_luc\"><\/span><strong>1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t bu l\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh) th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft \u00ea cu (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft) c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tra b\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>M = k x P x D<\/strong><br \/>\nTrong \u0111\u00f3:<br \/>\nM l\u00e0 m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft (Nm);<br \/>\nP l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng (kN);<br \/>\nD l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh bu l\u00f4ng (mm);<br \/>\nk l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 0,12 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,20. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u201ck\u201d kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i sau.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 3<\/strong> d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh do <strong>C\u00f4ng ty Zamil Steel<\/strong> x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft khi d\u1ef1ng l\u1eafp t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0 cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c <strong>(Torque Wrench)<\/strong>.<br \/>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p xi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00ec th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong bu l\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (b\u01b0\u1edbc ren\u2026), t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, s\u1ef1 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<br \/>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n M\u1ef9 AISC, hay Anh BS ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng b\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh\u2026 M\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng th\u00ec d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u1ef1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu\u1ef7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Skidmore Wilhelm.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Skidmore Wilhelm v\u1edbi \u00ea cu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t. L\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u00e9p v\u00e0o p\u00edtt\u00f4ng thu\u1ef7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Skidmore Wilhelm. \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Skidmore Wilhelm s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ra l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c. Khi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Skidmore Wilhelm ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng th\u00ec ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft sao cho l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 5%. 5% th\u00eam n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng do s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1eefa m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0 bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3 m\u1eabu bu l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i l\u00f4 (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t), m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean) trong m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c bu l\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra bi\u1ebft m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ghi nh\u1edb quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n (l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0y l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m). Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Phuong_phap_quay_them_e_cu\"><\/span><strong>2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n M\u1ef9, Anh, \u00dac\u2026Bu l\u00f4ng, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m, \u00ea cu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng sao cho kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n khe h\u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e9p (c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i). Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00ea cu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quay \u00ea cu th\u00eam m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c n\u1eefa (1\/3 v\u00f2ng, 2\/3 v\u00f2ng\u2026).<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng. \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c quay th\u00eam c\u1ee7a \u00ea cu th\u00ec bu l\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong bu l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c xi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu l\u00f4ng l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 khe h\u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e9p n\u1ed1i th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c xi\u1ebft th\u00eam (quay th\u00eam) \u00ea cu s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m khe h\u1edf k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong bu l\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\nG\u00f3c quay th\u00eam c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u01b0\u1edbc ren c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7y c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n n\u1ed1i\u2026 D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb g\u00f3c quay th\u00eam c\u1ee7a AISC.<br \/>\nKhi quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu, l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u tr\u00ean \u00ea cu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ren c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u1ed1i, v\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quay th\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 \u00ea cu quay m\u00e0 bu l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay. C\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quay t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n<strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p l\u00e0m theo Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n M\u1ef9, Anh, \u00dac,<\/strong>\u2026 N\u00f3 r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong bu l\u00f4ng, tuy nhi\u00ean h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hay thi c\u00f4ng theo Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Phuong_phap_do_luc_truc_tiep\"><\/span><strong>3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00ea cu sau khi xi\u1ebft, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n<p><strong>a) D\u00f9ng bu l\u00f4ng 2 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bu l\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf<\/strong> (Tension control Bolt). Bu l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0: \u0110\u1ea7u ren c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1t nh\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh d\u1ecdc. Gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 ren c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t r\u00e3nh ngang quanh chu vi c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n bu l\u00f4ng .<br \/>\nM\u1ed9t cl\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng n\u00e0y. Cl\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 2 ch\u1ee5p c\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5c. Ch\u1ee5p c\u1eb7p ph\u00eda trong gi\u1eef ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p c\u1eb7p ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i bao quanh \u00ea cu. Hai ch\u1ee5p c\u1eb7p n\u00e0y quay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nhau \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u00f4 men xo\u1eafn g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 ren c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng, gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m s\u1ebd th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng xo\u1eafn c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i r\u00e3nh ngang. Ch\u1ed1t s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u1eaft r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi bu l\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i r\u00e3nh ngang. N\u1ebfu bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.<br \/>\nNh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Xi m\u0103ng Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ea1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u1ea7u C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>b) D\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 nh\u00edp<\/strong> (Tension Indiator Washer). V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0: Tr\u00ean v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5u nh\u1ecf h\u00ecnh cung tr\u00f2n. Khi xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng, l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra l\u1ef1c \u00e9p gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5u nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ef1c \u00e9p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng (l\u00e0m b\u1eb9p) c\u00e1c v\u1ea5u nh\u1ecf. \u0110o kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00ed d\u1ee5 lu\u1ed3n v\u00e0o khe h\u1edf nh\u1eefng que th\u0103m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng nhanh. Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u201cbu l\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 nh\u00edp\u201d \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi bu l\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u201cbu l\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 nh\u00edp\u201d ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t tu\u00e2n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ebfu bu l\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa \u00ea cu v\u00e0 ren c\u1ee7a bu l\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1t s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u1eaft r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi bu l\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 4. B\u1ea3ng g\u00f3c quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1eb7t kh\u00edt theo AISC<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-221 size-full\" title=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-4.jpg\" alt=\"luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao\" width=\"624\" height=\"368\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-4.jpg 624w, https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/luc-xiet-bu-long-cuong-do-cao-4-300x177.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"III_Ket_luan\"><\/span><strong>III. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>1. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quay th\u00eam \u00ea cu v\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft BLC\u0110C l\u1ef1c xi\u1ebft kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>2. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m tra quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 men xi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong bu l\u00f4ng cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i bu l\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 (\u0111o t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m). T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 1 l\u1ea7n (Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u1ec9 6 th\u00e1ng m\u1edbi \u0111i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c). C\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai cl\u00ea l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00e9o nhau.<\/p>\n<p>3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u BLC\u0110C th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 Skidmore.<\/p>\n<p>4. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng \u201cbu l\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf\u201d hay \u201cv\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m nh\u00edp\u201d v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ban \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n: TC X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, s\u1ed1 1-2010 &#8211; \u0110\u0103ng t\u1ea3i: <a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/\">https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00d4NG TY TNHH V\u1eacT T\u01af C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P NAM AN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed5ng kho\/ VPGD:\u00a0<\/strong>S\u1ed1 68, Khu \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 V\u00e2n Canh, K\u0110T m\u1edbi V\u00e2n Canh, Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y:\u00a0<\/strong>Th\u00f4n B\u1eb1ng L\u0169ng, X\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Oai, Huy\u1ec7n Ba V\u00ec, TP H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hotline\/Zalo:\u00a0<\/strong>0941 636 369 \u2013 0983 344 163 \u2013 0983 506 389 \u2013 0376 813 369<\/p>\n<p><strong>Email:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"mailto:Bulongocvitnaman@gmail.com\">Bulongocvitnaman@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u00eanh Youtube:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@thegioibulongocvit-naman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@thegioibulongocvit-naman<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Shopee:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/shopee.vn\/bulongnaman.vn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/shopee.vn\/bulongnaman.vn<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Xem chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-thuong-48-56\">Bu l\u00f4ng l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n 4.8 ho\u1eb7c 5.6<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-88\">Bulong c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n 8.8<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-109\">Bulong c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n 10.9<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-inox\">Bulong Inox<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-luc-giac-chim\">Bulong l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ch\u00ecm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/Bulong-dau-tron-co-vuong\">Bulong \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f2n c\u1ed5 vu\u00f4ng<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-lien-long-den-din-9621\">Bulong li\u1ec1n long \u0111en DIN 9621<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/bulong-tu-dut-s10t\">Bul\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee9t S10T<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/dai-oc-ecu-tan\">\u0110ai \u1ed1c (\u00ca cu, t\u00e1n)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch xi\u1ebft bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p Bu l\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao (BLC\u0110C) ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean qua theo d\u00f5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p do nh\u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[81,25,80,83,87,85,86,82,84],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=216"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1286,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216\/revisions\/1286"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioibulongocvit.vn\/tintuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}